JS 参考手册

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JavaScript

JS Array JS Boolean JS Classes JS Date JS Error JS Global JS JSON JS Math JS Number JS 运算符 JS RegExp JS 语句 JS String

HTML DOM

DOM Attributes DOM Document DOM Element DOM Events DOM Event 对象 DOM HTMLCollection DOM Location DOM Navigator DOM Screen DOM Style
alignContent alignItems alignSelf animation animationDelay animationDirection animationDuration animationFillMode animationIterationCount animationName animationTimingFunction animationPlayState background backgroundAttachment backgroundColor backgroundImage backgroundPosition backgroundRepeat backgroundClip backgroundOrigin backgroundSize backfaceVisibility border borderBottom borderBottomColor borderBottomLeftRadius borderBottomRightRadius borderBottomStyle borderBottomWidth borderCollapse borderColor borderImage borderImageOutset borderImageRepeat borderImageSlice borderImageSource borderImageWidth borderLeft borderLeftColor borderLeftStyle borderLeftWidth borderRadius borderRight borderRightColor borderRightStyle borderRightWidth borderSpacing borderStyle borderTop borderTopColor borderTopLeftRadius borderTopRightRadius borderTopStyle borderTopWidth borderWidth bottom boxShadow boxSizing captionSide caretColor clear clip color columnCount columnFill columnGap columnRule columnRuleColor columnRuleStyle columnRuleWidth columns columnSpan columnWidth counterIncrement counterReset cursor direction display emptyCells filter flex flexBasis flexDirection flexFlow flexGrow flexShrink flexWrap cssFloat font fontFamily fontSize fontStyle fontVariant fontWeight fontSizeAdjust height isolation justifyContent left letterSpacing lineHeight listStyle listStyleImage listStylePosition listStyleType margin marginBottom marginLeft marginRight marginTop maxHeight maxWidth minHeight minWidth objectFit objectPosition opacity order orphans outline outlineColor outlineOffset outlineStyle outlineWidth overflow overflowX overflowY padding paddingBottom paddingLeft paddingRight paddingTop pageBreakAfter pageBreakBefore pageBreakInside perspective perspectiveOrigin position quotes resize right scrollBehavior tableLayout tabSize textAlign textAlignLast textDecoration textDecorationColor textDecorationLine textDecorationStyle textIndent textOverflow textShadow textTransform top transform transformOrigin transformStyle transition transitionProperty transitionDuration transitionTimingFunction transitionDelay unicodeBidi userSelect verticalAlign visibility width wordBreak wordSpacing wordWrap widows zIndex
DOM Window

Web APIs

API Console API Geolocation API History API Storage

HTML 对象

<a> <abbr> <address> <area> <article> <aside> <audio> <b> <base> <bdo> <blockquote> <body> <br> <button> <canvas> <caption> <cite> <code> <col> <colgroup> <datalist> <dd> <del> <details> <dfn> <dialog> <div> <dl> <dt> <em> <embed> <fieldset> <figcaption> <figure> <footer> <form> <head> <header> <h1> - <h6> <hr> <html> <i> <iframe> <img> <ins> <input> button <input> checkbox <input> color <input> date <input> datetime <input> datetime-local <input> email <input> file <input> hidden <input> image <input> month <input> number <input> password <input> radio <input> range <input> reset <input> search <input> submit <input> text <input> time <input> url <input> week <kbd> <label> <legend> <li> <link> <map> <mark> <menu> <menuitem> <meta> <meter> <nav> <object> <ol> <optgroup> <option> <output> <p> <param> <pre> <progress> <q> <s> <samp> <script> <section> <select> <small> <source> <span> <strong> <style> <sub> <summary> <sup> <table> <tbody> <td> <tfoot> <th> <thead> <tr> <textarea> <time> <title> <track> <u> <ul> <var> <video>

其他参考手册

CSSStyleDeclaration JS 类型转换


JavaScript switch 语句


实例

根据用户输入执行代码块:

var text;
var fruits = document.getElementById("myInput").value;

switch(fruits) {
  case "Banana":
    text = "Banana is good!";
    break;
  case "Orange":
    text = "I am not a fan of orange.";
    break;
  case "Apple":
    text = "How you like them apples?";
    break;
  default:
    text = "I have never heard of that fruit...";
}
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页面下方有更多实例。


定义和用法

switch 语句根据不同的情况执行代码块。

switch 语句是 JavaScript 的"条件"语句的一部分,用于根据不同的条件执行不同的操作。使用 switch 选择要执行的许多代码块之一。这是长的嵌套 if/else 语句的完美解决方案。

switch 语句计算表达式。然后将表达式的值与结构中每个 case 的值进行比较。如果匹配,则执行关联的代码块。

switch 语句通常与 break 或 default 关键字(或两者)一起使用。这些都是可选的:

break 关键字脱离 switch 块。这将停止在块内执行更多代码和/或案例测试。如果省略 break,则执行 switch 语句中的下一个代码块。

如果没有 case 匹配,default 关键字指定要运行的一些代码。一个 switch 中只能有一个 default 关键字。尽管其是可选的,但建议您使用它,因为它可以处理意外情况。


浏览器支持

Statement
switch Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

语法

switch(expression) {
  case n:
    code block
    break;
  case n:
    code block
    break;
  default:
    default code block
}

参数值

参数 描述
expression 必需。指定要计算的表达式。表达式会被计算一次。表达式的值与结构中每个 case 标签的值进行比较。如果匹配,则执行相关的代码块。


技术细节

JavaScript 版本: ECMAScript 1

更多实例

实例

使用今天的 weekday 编号计算 weekday 名称 (Sunday=0, Monday=1, Tuesday=2, ...):

var day;
switch (new Date().getDay()) {
  case 0:
    day = "Sunday";
    break;
  case 1:
    day = "Monday";
    break;
  case 2:
    day = "Tuesday";
    break;
  case 3:
    day = "Wednesday";
    break;
  case 4:
    day = "Thursday";
    break;
  case 5:
    day = "Friday";
    break;
  case 6:
    day = "Saturday";
    break;
  default:
    day = "Unknown Day";
}
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实例

如果今天既不是星期六也不是星期日,写一条默认消息:

var text;
switch (new Date().getDay()) {
  case 6:
    text = "Today is Saturday";
    break;
  case 0:
    text = "Today is Sunday";
    break;
  default:
    text = "Looking forward to the Weekend";
}
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实例

有时您会希望不同的情况使用相同的代码,或者使用相同的默认值。

请注意,在本例中,case 共享相同的代码块,并且 default case 不必是 switch 块中的最后一个 case(但是,如果 default 不是 switch 块中的最后一个 case,请记住用 break 结束它)。

var text;
switch (new Date().getDay()) {
  case 1:
  case 2:
  case 3:
  default:
    text = "Looking forward to the Weekend";
    break;
  case 4:
  case 5:
    text = "Soon it is Weekend";
    break;
  case 0:
  case 6:
    text = "It is Weekend";
}
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实例

根据来自提示框的用户输入,使用 switch 语句执行代码块:

var text;
var favDrink = prompt("What's your favorite cocktail drink?");
switch(favDrink) {
  case "Martini":
    text = "Excellent choice! Martini is good for your soul.";
    break;
  case "Daiquiri":
    text = "Daiquiri is my favorite too!";
    break;
  case "Cosmopolitan":
    text = "Really? Are you sure the Cosmopolitan is your favorite?";
    break;
  default:
    text = "I have never heard of that one..";
}
亲自试一试 »

相关页面

JavaScript 教程: JavaScript If...Else 语句

JavaScript 教程: JavaScript Switch 语句

JavaScript 参考手册: JavaScript if/else 语句

JavaScript 参考手册: JavaScript break 语句